Universität zu Köln

Wieters, Frederique, Lucas, Carolin Weiss, Gruhn, Matthias, Bueschges, Ansgar, Fink, Gereon R. ORCID: 0000-0002-8230-1856 and Aswendt, Markus ORCID: 0000-0003-1423-0934 (2021). Introduction to spasticity and related mouse models. Exp. Neurol., 335. SAN DIEGO: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. ISSN 1090-2430

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Abstract

Although spasticity is one of the most common causes of motor disability worldwide, its precise definition and pathophysiology remain elusive, which to date renders its experimental targeting tricky. At least in part, this difficulty is caused by heterogeneous phenotypes of spasticity-causing neurological disorders, all causing spasticity by involving upper motor neurons. The most common clinical symptoms are a series of rapid muscle contractions (clonus), an increased muscle tone (hypertonia), and augmented tendon reflex activity (hyperreflexia). This muscle overactivity is due to disturbed inhibition of spinal reflexes following upper motor neuron dysfunction. Despite a range of physical and pharmacological therapies ameliorating the symptoms, their targeted application remains difficult. Therefore, to date, spasticity impacts rehabilitative therapy, and no therapy exists that reverses the pathology completely. In contrast to the incidence and importance of spasticity, only very little pre-clinical work in animal models exists, and this research is focused on the cat or the rat spastic tail model to decipher altered reflexes and excitability of the motor neurons in the spinal cord. Meanwhile, the characterization of spasticity in clinically more relevant mouse models of neurological disorders, such as stroke, remains understudied. Here, we provide a brief introduction into the clinical knowledge and therapy of spasticity and an in-depth review of pre-clinical studies of spasticity in mice including the current experimental challenges for clinical translation.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Wieters, Frederique UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Lucas, Carolin Weiss UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Gruhn, Matthias UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Bueschges, Ansgar UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Fink, Gereon R. UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-8230-1856 UNSPECIFIED Aswendt, Markus UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1423-0934 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-578301
DOI:	10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113491
Journal or Publication Title:	Exp. Neurol.
Volume:	335
Date:	2021
Publisher:	ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
Place of Publication:	SAN DIEGO
ISSN:	1090-2430
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; MODIFIED ASHWORTH SCALE; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; CHLORIDE COTRANSPORTER KCC2; UPPER-LIMB SPASTICITY; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; CORTICOSPINAL TRACT; SELENOPROTEIN-P; DOWN-REGULATION Multiple languages Neurosciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/57830