Universität zu Köln

Chamorro, Yaira, Betz, Linda T. ORCID: 0000-0003-1741-4069, Philipsen, Alexandra, Kambeitz, Joseph and Ettinger, Ulrich (2022). The Eyes Have It: A Meta-analysis of Oculomotor Inhibition in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Biol. Psychiat.-Cogn. Neurosci. Neuroimag., 7 (11). S. 1090 - 1103. AMSTERDAM: ELSEVIER. ISSN 2451-9030

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Diminished inhibitory control is one of the main characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and impairments in oculomotor inhibition have been proposed as a potential biomarker of the disorder. The present meta-analysis summarizes the effects reported in studies comparing oculomotor inhibition in ADHD patients and healthy control subjects. METHODS: Inhibitory outcomes were derived from oculomotor experimental paradigms including the antisaccade (AS), memory-guided saccade, and prolonged fixation tasks. Temporal and spatial measures were also extracted from these tasks and from visually guided saccade tasks as secondary outcomes. Data were available from k = 31 studies (N = 1567 participants). Summary effect sizes were computed using random-effects models and a restricted maximum-likelihood estimator. RESULTS: Among inhibitory outcomes, direction errors in AS, after correcting for publication bias, showed a mod-erate effect and large between-study heterogeneity (k = 18, n = 739, g = 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI] [0.27, 0.88], I2 = 74%); anticipatory saccades in memory-guided saccade showed a large effect and low heterogeneity (k = 11, n = 487; g = 0.86, 95% CI [0.64, 1.08], I2 = 17.7%); and saccades during prolonged fixation evidenced large effect size and heterogeneity (k = 6, n = 325 g = 1.11, 95% CI [0.56, 1.65], I2 = 79.1%) partially related to age. Among secondary outcomes, saccadic reaction time in AS (k = 22, n = 932, g = 0.34, 95% CI [0.06, 0.63], I2 = 53.12%) and coefficient of variability in visually guided saccade (k = 5, n = 282, g = 0.53, 95% CI [0.28, 0.78], I2 = 0.01%) indicated significant effects with small to moderate effects sizes. CONCLUSIONS: ADHD groups commit more oculomotor inhibition failures than control groups. The substantial effects support the conclusion that oculomotor disinhibition is a relevant ADHD-related mechanism. Moderate effects observed in saccadic reaction time variability suggest that fluctuant performance in oculomotor tasks is another relevant characteristic of ADHD.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Chamorro, Yaira UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Betz, Linda T. UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-4069 UNSPECIFIED Philipsen, Alexandra UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Kambeitz, Joseph UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Ettinger, Ulrich UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-671479
DOI:	10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.05.004
Journal or Publication Title:	Biol. Psychiat.-Cogn. Neurosci. Neuroimag.
Volume:	7
Number:	11
Page Range:	S. 1090 - 1103
Date:	2022
Publisher:	ELSEVIER
Place of Publication:	AMSTERDAM
ISSN:	2451-9030
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; REACTION-TIME VARIABILITY; RESPONSE-INHIBITION; EXECUTIVE FUNCTIONS; SACCADIC INHIBITION; WORKING-MEMORY; ADHD; ANTISACCADE; CHILDREN; ADULTS Multiple languages Neurosciences Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/67147