Universität zu Köln

Malejka, Simone, Heck, Daniel W. and Erdfelder, Edgar ORCID: 0000-0003-1032-3981 (2022). Recognition-memory models and ranking tasks: The importance of auxiliary assumptions for tests of the two-high-threshold model. J. Mem. Lang., 127. SAN DIEGO: ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. ISSN 1096-0821

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Abstract

The question of whether recognition memory should be measured assuming continuous memory strength (signal detection theory) or discrete memory states (threshold theory) has become a prominent point of discussion. In light of limitations associated with receiver operating characteristics, comparisons of the rival models based on simple qualitative predictions derived from their core properties were proposed. In particular, K-alternative ranking tasks (KARTs) yield a conditional probability of targets being assigned Rank 2, given that they were not assigned Rank 1, which is higher for strong than for weak targets. This finding has been argued to be incom-patible with the two-high-threshold (2HT) model (Kellen & Klauer, 2014). However, we show that the in-compatibility only holds under the auxiliary assumption that the probability of detecting lures is invariant under target-strength manipulations. We tested this assumption in two different ways: by developing new model versions of 2HT theory tailored to KARTs and by employing novel forced-choice-then-ranking tasks. Our results show that 2HT models can explain increases in the conditional probability of targets being assigned Rank 2 with target strength. This effect is due to larger 2HT lure-detection probabilities in test displays in which lures are ranked jointly with strong (as compared to weak) targets. We conclude that lure-detection probabilities vary with target strength and recommend that 2HT models should allow for this variation. As such models are compatible with KART performance, our work highlights the importance of carefully adapting measurement models to new paradigms.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Malejka, Simone UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Heck, Daniel W. UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Erdfelder, Edgar UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1032-3981 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-680453
DOI:	10.1016/j.jml.2022.104356
Journal or Publication Title:	J. Mem. Lang.
Volume:	127
Date:	2022
Publisher:	ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
Place of Publication:	SAN DIEGO
ISSN:	1096-0821
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language RECEIVER-OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS; SIGNAL-DETECTION-THEORY; PROCESSING TREE MODELS; DISCRETE-STATE; THRESHOLD THEORY; ROCS; RETENTION; POWER Multiple languages Linguistics; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68045