Universität zu Köln

Franeck, Annika, Wunsch, Richard ORCID: 0000-0003-1848-8967, Martinez-Gonzalez, Sergio ORCID: 0000-0002-4371-3823, Orlitova, Ivana ORCID: 0000-0002-9813-401X, Boorman, Peter ORCID: 0000-0001-9379-4716, Svoboda, Jiri, Szecsi, Dorottya ORCID: 0000-0001-6473-7085 and Douna, Vanesa ORCID: 0000-0001-7306-5698 (2022). X-Ray Emission from Star-cluster Winds in Starburst Galaxies. Astrophys. J., 927 (2). BRISTOL: IOP Publishing Ltd. ISSN 1538-4357

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Abstract

Inspired by the excess soft X-ray emission recently detected in Green Pea galaxies, we model the soft X-ray emission (0.5-2.0 keV) of hot gas from star-cluster winds. By combining individual star clusters, we estimate the soft X-ray emission expected from the typically unresolved diffuse hot gas in starburst galaxies, devoid of competing emission from, e.g., active galactic nuclei (AGNs) or other unresolved point sources. We use stellar models of subsolar metallicities (0.02 Z (circle dot) and 0.4 Z (circle dot)) and take into account supernova explosions for massive stars. For lower metallicities, we find that stellar winds do not contribute significantly (less than or similar to 3% of the mechanical energy) to the observed soft X-ray emission of normal star-forming galaxies. For higher metallicities and possibly also for larger proportions of massive star clusters in the simulated starburst galaxies, we reproduce well the observed correlation between star formation rate and X-ray luminosity previously reported in the literature. However, we find that no combination of model assumptions is capable of reproducing the substantial soft X-ray emission observed from Green Pea galaxies, indicating that other emission mechanisms (i.e., unusually large quantities of high-/low-mass X-ray binaries, ultraluminous X-ray sources, a modified initial mass function, intermediate-mass black holes, or AGNs) are more likely to be responsible for the X-ray excess.

Item Type:	Journal Article
Creators:	Creators Email ORCID ORCID Put Code Franeck, Annika UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Wunsch, Richard UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0003-1848-8967 UNSPECIFIED Martinez-Gonzalez, Sergio UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-4371-3823 UNSPECIFIED Orlitova, Ivana UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0002-9813-401X UNSPECIFIED Boorman, Peter UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-9379-4716 UNSPECIFIED Svoboda, Jiri UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED UNSPECIFIED Szecsi, Dorottya UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-6473-7085 UNSPECIFIED Douna, Vanesa UNSPECIFIED orcid.org/0000-0001-7306-5698 UNSPECIFIED
URN:	urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-687905
DOI:	10.3847/1538-4357/ac4fc2
Journal or Publication Title:	Astrophys. J.
Volume:	927
Number:	2
Date:	2022
Publisher:	IOP Publishing Ltd
Place of Publication:	BRISTOL
ISSN:	1538-4357
Language:	English
Faculty:	Unspecified
Divisions:	Unspecified
Subjects:	no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:	Keywords Language MASSIVE SINGLE STARS; YOUNG STELLAR CLUSTERS; FORMING GALAXIES; SYNTHESIS MODELS; XMM-NEWTON; METALLICITY; EVOLUTION; LUMINOSITY; GRIDS; CHANDRA Multiple languages Astronomy & Astrophysics Multiple languages
URI:	http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/68790