Lückoff, Anika (2016). Interferon beta signaling and microglial activation in a murine model for age-related macular degeneration. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disease of the retina and the leading cause of vision loss among the elderly in industrial countries. It is characterized by progressive impairment of the visual perception and can be categorized into two distinct forms; wet and dry AMD. Typical hallmarks of wet AMD are chronic activation of the innate immune system in the retina and the ingrowth of blood vessels from the choroid into the retina termed as choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Microglia, the immune competent cells of the retina, play a major role in the induction and advancement of chronic inflammation and CNV development observed during AMD pathogenesis regulating the immune answer and tissue homeostasis. Therefore, strategies to dampen microgliosis present attractive therapeutic options in the treatment of AMD and other retinal degenerative disorders. Interferon beta (IFN-ß), an endogenous cytokine and signaling molecule, is responsible for essential regulatory functions of the innate immune system and is well known for its anti-angiogenic and immunomodulatory properties. Consequently, IFN-ß is used as first line treatment of multiple sclerosis, a neuroinflammatory autoimmune disease of the brain. However, it was previously unknown whether the protective effect is transferable to the retina. Hence, to fill this gap the current study endeavored to determine the effects of IFN-ß signaling on microglial activation and choroidal neovascularization using a reproducible murine laser-coagulation model of wet AMD. The results presented in this study reveal a crucial role of IFN-ß signaling in regulating microglial reactivity and pathological angiogenesis. Global as well as microglia specific interferon-?/-ß receptor (IFNAR) deletion fortified disease severity and progression as evidenced by enhanced microglia reactivity, vessel leakage and CNV development. In contrast, IFN-ß therapy resulted in a significant reduction of the clinical features associated with the murine laser-coagulation model of wet AMD. In conclusion, this work indicates a protective role of IFNAR signaling in retinal immune mechanisms and identifies IFN-ß as a promising new strategy for future therapy approaches to modulate chronic inflammation in retinal degenerative diseases. Doktorarbeit Anika Lückoff Cologne, July 2016
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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Corporate Creators: | Uniklinik Köln, Augenklinik, Exp. Immunologie des Auges | ||||||||
URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-69197 | ||||||||
Date: | 24 August 2016 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Institute for Genetics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Life sciences Medical sciences Medicine |
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Date of oral exam: | 29 June 2016 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/6919 |
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