Lopez, B., Lagarde, S., Petrov, R. G., Jaffe, W., Antonelli, P., Allouche, F., Berio, P., Matter, A., Meilland, A., Millour, F., Robbe-Dubois, S., Henning, Th, Weigelt, G., Glindemann, A., Agocs, T., Bailet, Ch, Beckmann, U., Bettonvil, F., van Boekel, R., Bourget, P., Bresson, Y., Bristow, P., Cruzalebes, P., Eldswijk, E., Caujolle, Y. Fantei, Herrera, J. C. Gonzalez, Graser, U., Guajardo, P., Heininger, M., Hofmann, K-H, Kroes, G., Laun, W., Lehmitz, M., Leinert, C., Meisenheimer, K., Morel, S., Neumann, U., Paladini, C., Percheron, I, Riquelme, M., Schoeller, M., Stee, Ph, Venema, L., Woillez, J., Zins, G., Abraham, P., Abadie, S., Abuter, R., Accardo, M., Adler, T., Alonso, J., Augereau, J-C, Boehm, A., Bazin, G., Beltran, J., Bensberg, A., Boland, W., Brast, R., Burtscher, L., Castillo, R., Chelli, A., Cid, C., Clausse, J-M, Connot, C., Conzelmann, R. D., Danchi, W-C, Delbo, M., Drevon, J., Dominik, C., van Duin, A., Ebert, M., Eisenhauer, F., Flament, S., Frahm, R., Rosas, V. Gamez, Gabasch, A., Gallenne, A., Garces, E., Girard, P., Glazenborg, A., Gonte, F. Y. J., Guitton, F., de Haan, M., Hanenburg, H., Haubois, X., Hocde, V, Hogerheijde, M., ter Horst, R., Hron, J., Hummel, C. A., Hubin, N., Huerta, R., Idserda, J., Isbell, J. W., Ives, D., Jakob, G., Jasko, A., Jochum, L., Klarmann, L., Klein, R., Kragt, J., Kuindersma, S., Kokoulina, E., Labadie, L., Lacour, S., Leftley, J., Le Poole, R., Lizon, J-L, Lopez, M., Lykou, F., Merand, A., Marcotto, A., Mauclert, N., Maurer, T., Mehrgan, L. H., Meisner, J., Meixner, K., Mellein, M., Menut, J. L., Mohr, L., Mosoni, L., Navarro, R., Nussbaum, E., Pallanca, L., Pantin, E., Pasquini, L., Duc, T. Phan, Pott, J-U, Pozna, E., Richichi, A., Ridinger, A., Rigal, F., Rivinius, Th, Roelfsema, R., Rohloff, R-R, Rousseau, S., Salabert, D., Schertl, D., Schuhler, N., Schuil, M., Shabun, K., Soulain, A., Stephan, C., Toledo, P., Tristram, K., Tromp, N., Vakili, F., Varga, J., Vinther, J., Waters, L. B. F. M., Wittkowski, M., Wolf, S., Wrhel, F. and Yoffe, G. (2022). MATISSE, the VLTI mid-infrared imaging spectro-interferometer. Astron. Astrophys., 659. LES ULIS CEDEX A: EDP SCIENCES S A. ISSN 1432-0746

Full text not available from this repository.

Abstract

Context. Optical interferometry is at a key development stage. The Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) has established a stable, robust infrastructure for long-baseline interferometry that is usable by general astronomical observers. The present second-generation instruments offer a wide wavelength coverage and improved performance. Their sensitivity and measurement accuracy lead to data and images of high reliability. Aims. We have developed the Multi AperTure mid-Infrared SpectroScopic Experiment (MATISSE) to access, for the first time, high resolution imaging in a wide spectral domain. Many front-line topics are explored with this new equipment, including: stellar activity and mass loss; planet formation and evolution in the gas and dust disks around young stars; and environment interaction and accretion processes around super massive black holes in active galactic nuclei. Methods. The instrument is a spectro-interferometric imager in the transmission windows called L, M, and N, from 2.8 to 13.0 microns, combining four optical beams from the VLTI's unit or auxiliary telescopes. Its concept, related observing procedure, data reduction, and calibration approach, is the product of 30 years of instrumental research and has benefitted from the expertise developed in the frame of the VLTI's first generation instruments. The instrument utilises a multi-axial beam combination that delivers spectrally dispersed fringes. The signal provides the following quantities at several spectral resolutions: photometric flux, coherent fluxes, visibilities, closure phases, wavelength differential visibilities and phases, and aperture-synthesis imaging. Results. This article provides an overview of the physical principle of the instrument and its functionalities. The motivation of the choice of the instrumental concept and the characteristics of the delivered signal are detailed with a description of the observing modes and of their performance limit. MATISSE offers four spectral resolutions in L&M bands, namely 30, 500, 1000 and 3400, and 30 and 220 in the N band, and it provides an angular resolution down to 3 mas for the shortest wavelengths. The MATISSE stand-alone sensitivity limits are 60 mJy in L and 300 mJy in N. The paper gives details of the sensitivity limits for the different measurables and their related precision criteria, considering telescope configurations and spectral resolutions. We also discuss the gain provided with the GRA4MAT fringe tracker. An ensemble of data and reconstructed images illustrate the first acquired key observations. Conclusions. The instrument has been in operation at Cerro Paranal, ESO, Chile, since 2018, and has been open for science use by the international community since April 2019. The first scientific results are being published now.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Lopez, B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lagarde, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Petrov, R. G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jaffe, W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Antonelli, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Allouche, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Berio, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Matter, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Meilland, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Millour, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Robbe-Dubois, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Henning, ThUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Weigelt, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Glindemann, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Agocs, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bailet, ChUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beckmann, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bettonvil, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Boekel, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bourget, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bresson, Y.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bristow, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cruzalebes, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eldswijk, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Caujolle, Y. FanteiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Herrera, J. C. GonzalezUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Graser, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Guajardo, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Heininger, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hofmann, K-HUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kroes, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Laun, W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lehmitz, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Leinert, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Meisenheimer, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Morel, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Neumann, U.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Paladini, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Percheron, IUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Riquelme, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schoeller, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stee, PhUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Venema, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Woillez, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Zins, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Abraham, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Abadie, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Abuter, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Accardo, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Adler, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Alonso, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Augereau, J-CUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Boehm, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bazin, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Beltran, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bensberg, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Boland, W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Brast, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Burtscher, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Castillo, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Chelli, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cid, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Clausse, J-MUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Connot, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Conzelmann, R. D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Danchi, W-CUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Delbo, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Drevon, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Dominik, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
van Duin, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ebert, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Eisenhauer, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Flament, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Frahm, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rosas, V. GamezUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gabasch, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gallenne, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Garces, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Girard, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Glazenborg, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gonte, F. Y. J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Guitton, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
de Haan, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hanenburg, H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Haubois, X.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hocde, VUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hogerheijde, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
ter Horst, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hron, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hummel, C. A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hubin, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Huerta, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Idserda, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Isbell, J. W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ives, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jakob, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jasko, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jochum, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Klarmann, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Klein, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kragt, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kuindersma, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Kokoulina, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Labadie, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lacour, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Leftley, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Le Poole, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lizon, J-LUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lopez, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Lykou, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Merand, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Marcotto, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mauclert, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Maurer, T.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mehrgan, L. H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Meisner, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Meixner, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mellein, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Menut, J. L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mohr, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mosoni, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Navarro, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Nussbaum, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pallanca, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pantin, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pasquini, L.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Duc, T. PhanUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pott, J-UUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Pozna, E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Richichi, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ridinger, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rigal, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rivinius, ThUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Roelfsema, R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rohloff, R-RUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rousseau, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Salabert, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schertl, D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schuhler, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Schuil, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Shabun, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Soulain, A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Stephan, C.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Toledo, P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tristram, K.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Tromp, N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vakili, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Varga, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vinther, J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Waters, L. B. F. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wittkowski, M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wolf, S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Wrhel, F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Yoffe, G.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-697967
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202141785
Journal or Publication Title: Astron. Astrophys.
Volume: 659
Date: 2022
Publisher: EDP SCIENCES S A
Place of Publication: LES ULIS CEDEX A
ISSN: 1432-0746
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
CIRCUMSTELLAR ENVIRONMENT; OPTICAL INTERFEROMETRY; FRINGE TRACKING; STARS; DISK; COMPANION; RECONSTRUCTION; RESOLUTION; RADIATION; NUCLEUSMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/69796

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