Serrano, Luisa Maria, Gandolfi, Davide, Mustill, Alexander J., Barragan, Oscar, Korth, Judith ORCID: 0000-0002-0076-6239, Dai, Fei, Redfield, Seth, Fridlund, Malcolm ORCID: 0000-0002-0855-8426, Lam, Kristine W. F., Diaz, Matias R., Grziwa, Sascha, Collins, Karen A., Livingston, John H., Cochran, William D., Hellier, Coel, Bellomo, Salvatore E., Trifonov, Trifon ORCID: 0000-0002-0236-775X, Rodler, Florian ORCID: 0000-0003-0650-5723, Alarcon, Javier, Jenkins, Jon M., Latham, David W., Ricker, George, Seager, Sara, Vanderspeck, Roland, Winn, Joshua N., Albrecht, Simon ORCID: 0000-0003-1762-8235, Collins, Kevin, I, Csizmadia, Szilard, Daylan, Tansu, Deeg, Hans J., Esposito, Massimiliano, Fausnaugh, Michael, Georgieva, Iskra ORCID: 0000-0002-5056-1899, Goffo, Elisa, Guenther, Eike, Hatzes, Artie P., Howell, Steve B., Jensen, Eric L. N., Luque, Rafael ORCID: 0000-0002-4671-2957, Mann, Andrew W., Murgas, Felipe ORCID: 0000-0001-9087-1245, Osborne, Hannah L. M., Palle, Enric, Persson, Carina M., Rowden, Pam, Rudat, Alexander, Smith, Alexis M. S., Twicken, Joseph D., Van Eylen, Vincent ORCID: 0000-0001-5542-8870 and Ziegler, Carl (2022). A low-eccentricity migration pathway for a 13-h-period Earth analogue in a four-planet system. Nat. Astron., 6 (6). S. 736 - 760. BERLIN: NATURE PORTFOLIO. ISSN 2397-3366

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Abstract

It is commonly accepted that exoplanets with orbital periods shorter than one day, also known as ultra-short-period (USP) planets, formed further out within their natal protoplanetary disks before migrating to their current-day orbits via dynamical interactions. One of the most accepted theories suggests a violent scenario involving high-eccentricity migration followed by tidal circularization. Here we present the discovery of a four-planet system orbiting the bright (V = 10.5) K6 dwarf star TOI-500. The innermost planet is a transiting, Earth-sized USP planet with an orbital period of similar to 13 hours, a mass of 1.42 +/- 0.18 M-circle plus,a radius of 1.166(-0.058)(+0.061) R-circle plus and a mean density of 4.89(-0.88)(+1.03) g cm(-3). Via Doppler spectroscopy, we discovered that the system hosts 3 outer planets on nearly circular orbits with periods of 6.6, 26.2 and 61.3 days and minimum masses of 5.03 +/- 0.41 M-circle plus, 33.12 +/- 0.88 M-circle plus and 15.05(-1.11)(+1.12) M-circle plus, respectively. The presence of both a USP planet and a low-mass object on a 6.6-day orbit indicates that the architecture of this system can be explained via a scenario in which the planets started on low-eccentricity orbits then moved inwards through a quasi-static secular migration. Our numerical simulations show that this migration channel can bring TOI-500 b to its current location in 2 Gyr, starting from an initial orbit of 0.02 au. TOI-500 is the first four-planet system known to host a USP Earth analogue whose current architecture can be explained via a non-violent migration scenario.

Item Type: Journal Article
Creators:
CreatorsEmailORCIDORCID Put Code
Serrano, Luisa MariaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Gandolfi, DavideUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Mustill, Alexander J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Barragan, OscarUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Korth, JudithUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0076-6239UNSPECIFIED
Dai, FeiUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Redfield, SethUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fridlund, MalcolmUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0855-8426UNSPECIFIED
Lam, Kristine W. F.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Diaz, Matias R.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Grziwa, SaschaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Collins, Karen A.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Livingston, John H.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Cochran, William D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hellier, CoelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Bellomo, Salvatore E.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Trifonov, TrifonUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-0236-775XUNSPECIFIED
Rodler, FlorianUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-0650-5723UNSPECIFIED
Alarcon, JavierUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jenkins, Jon M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Latham, David W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Ricker, GeorgeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Seager, SaraUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Vanderspeck, RolandUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Winn, Joshua N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Albrecht, SimonUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0003-1762-8235UNSPECIFIED
Collins, Kevin, IUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Csizmadia, SzilardUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Daylan, TansuUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Deeg, Hans J.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Esposito, MassimilianoUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Fausnaugh, MichaelUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Georgieva, IskraUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-5056-1899UNSPECIFIED
Goffo, ElisaUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Guenther, EikeUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Hatzes, Artie P.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Howell, Steve B.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Jensen, Eric L. N.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Luque, RafaelUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0002-4671-2957UNSPECIFIED
Mann, Andrew W.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Murgas, FelipeUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-9087-1245UNSPECIFIED
Osborne, Hannah L. M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Palle, EnricUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Persson, Carina M.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rowden, PamUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Rudat, AlexanderUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Smith, Alexis M. S.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Twicken, Joseph D.UNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
Van Eylen, VincentUNSPECIFIEDorcid.org/0000-0001-5542-8870UNSPECIFIED
Ziegler, CarlUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIEDUNSPECIFIED
URN: urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-698558
DOI: 10.1038/s41550-022-01641-y
Journal or Publication Title: Nat. Astron.
Volume: 6
Number: 6
Page Range: S. 736 - 760
Date: 2022
Publisher: NATURE PORTFOLIO
Place of Publication: BERLIN
ISSN: 2397-3366
Language: English
Faculty: Unspecified
Divisions: Unspecified
Subjects: no entry
Uncontrolled Keywords:
KeywordsLanguage
RADIAL-VELOCITY; ERROR-CORRECTION; SUPER-EARTH; PLANET; STAR; SPECTROSCOPY; DISSIPATION; ATMOSPHERES; COMPANIONS; PARAMETERSMultiple languages
Astronomy & AstrophysicsMultiple languages
URI: http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/69855

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