Gembé, Carl Martin (2024). Frustrated Magnetism, Monopole Dynamics, and Non-Coplanar Ordering in Classical Spin Systems - Insights from Monte Carlo Simulations. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
For decades, physicists have been fascinated by frustrated magnetism. Frustration arises when the pairwise interaction energies between localized magnetic moments in a system cannot be minimized simultaneously. This competition prevents the formation of long range magnetic order even at lowest temperatures and, eventually, leads to the hallmark of frustration in the form of a massive ground state degeneracy accompanied by a finite zero-point entropy. Thus, exotic magnetic analogs of ordinary fluids can be realized, where spins are highly correlated but remain strongly fluctuating. Such spin liquids are linked to remarkable unconventional collective phenomena, most notably emergent gauge fields and fractionalized quasi-particle excitations that can be conceived as magnetic monopoles. In this thesis, we study the dynamics of such quasi-monopoles in the presence of a magnetic field and address the question whether critical fluctuations at a phase transition always slow down equilibration or, conversely, can also help the system to thermalize. Employing large-scale dynamical Monte Carlo simulations, we show that the latter---a critical speeding up---can indeed be observed in two prototypical classical spin systems: dipolar spin ice in pyrochlore magnets and a Coulomb spin liquid in the triangular lattice Ising antiferromagnet. For the former, we also establish a relationship between Monte Carlo time and real time by comparing numerical and experimental data. Another part of this thesis is concerned with systems in which further-neighbor interactions stabilize certain non-coplanar magnetic orders. Such orders are particularly interesting because upon introducing quantum fluctuations, they may possibly melt into a chiral quantum spin liquid. To this end, we study two model systems that turn out to have non-coplanar classical ground states and are motivated by the recent synthesis of a number of Mott insulating square-kagome materials as well as of spin-1/2 maple-leaf lattice antiferromagnets. We explore the rich phenomenology of frustrated magnetism induced by these two lattice geometries, including extensive degeneracies and order-by-disorder mechanisms. For both models, we study an elementary, classical Heisenberg model with nearest-neighbor and additional cross-plaquette interactions and discuss a multitude of non-coplanar orders and spiral spin phases. Using extensive numerical simulations, we also discuss the thermodynamic signatures of these phases, which often show multi-step thermal ordering.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-721693 | ||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute for Theoretical Physics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Physics | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 13 December 2023 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/72169 |
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