Issaka, Sule Ayannor (2024). Social capital and household response to coastal erosion and flooding in Ghana: Empirical case studies on Keta and Ada. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
PDF (PhD Dissertation)
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Abstract
The impacts of coastal hazards on both lives and property in rural coastal communities of the Global South have been explored by varied researchers from different disciplinary backgrounds. However, research on the role of resources, both material and non-material, embedded in social networks in boosting the abilities of rural coastal communities of the Global South to respond to coastal hazards is still rudimentary. Using mixed methods of in-depth interviews and a household survey with structured questionnaires in Keta and Ada along the southeastern coast of Ghana, this study examined the various coping and adaptation strategies by households towards coastal erosion and flooding. The study also examined the sources of local social capital, and how local social capital influences coping and adaptation strategies toward coastal erosion and flooding. The study further examined the sources of translocal social capital and how translocal social capital influences coping and adaptation toward coastal erosion and flooding. Lastly, the study examined the role of physical and cultural features such as proximity and ethnicity in influencing outmigration as a coping and adaptation strategy towards coastal erosion and flooding. The results indicate coping and adaptation towards coastal erosion and flooding is a routine activity by the people of both areas which is carried out on a seasonal basis mostly based on traditional knowledge. At the household level, coping and adaptation strategies are similar and can fall under retreat, protection, or accommodating strategies based on the situation of a particular household. They are also influenced by the level of social capital of the household. For individuals, however, occupation significantly influences the choice of coping and adaptation strategies as it is relatively easy for fishermen to out-migrate and continue their fishing activities in their new destinations. This cannot be said to be the same for the farmers who mostly prefer to stay and deal with the situation on-site. The findings also show the role of family structure in influencing social capital as the existence of close ties among extended family relations both within and outside of the community fosters the existence of bonding (local) social and translocal social capital as well. The existence of a recognized traditional authority also fosters the prevalence of local social capital. These findings contribute to the present-day theorization of social capital by showing the roles of traditional institutions in shaping social capital. The findings reveal that the long history of out-migration in both areas and the increased access to modern communication technologies have nurtured a strong base of translocal networks whichserve as sources of translocal social capital. Per the findings of this study, out-migration is not only a coping and adaptation strategy but also a basis for the existence of translocal networks and translocal social capital which in turn influences other coping and adaptation strategies towards coastal erosion and flooding. For instance, financial support received from people who outmigrated from both areas and are living in other parts of the country and outside the country is used for the renovation/reconstruction of houses damaged/destroyed and also for purchasing basic needs during and after flood events. The findings of this study suggest that policymakers should consider strengthening rural coastal communities' capacity to harness the resources available in their social networks to enable them to cope with and adapt to coastal hazards. This is very important considering that state agencies in both areas are heavily under-resourced and cannot effectively tackle issues of coastal erosion and flooding. The findings are also important in guiding policy formulation and implementation on the triggers of out-migration in both areas with corresponding impacts on coping and adaptation strategies and the overall development of the area. For instance, tackling coastal erosion and flooding will significantly reduce the outmigration of the youth in both areas.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-721704 | ||||||||
Date: | 2024 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Geosciences > Geographisches Institut | ||||||||
Subjects: | Geography and history Geography and travel |
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Date of oral exam: | 24 October 2023 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/72170 |
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