Escobar Sierra, Camilo ORCID: 0000-0001-9105-4378
(2025).
Physiological responses of freshwater fish to multiple stressors in urban rivers: a transcriptomic approach.
PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
This thesis investigates freshwater fish's physiological and molecular responses to multiple stressors in urban rivers, using a transcriptomic approach to understand the impacts of environmental changes, particularly salinization, on fish health. Urbanization contributes to the degradation of freshwater ecosystems, leading to altered water quality and the introduction of multiple stressors, such as salinity, temperature fluctuations, and pollution. These stressors significantly affect fish physiology, particularly in key organs like the gills and liver, which are essential for osmoregulation, respiration, and immune response. The thesis harnesses transcriptomics, a powerful tool for analyzing gene expression, to provide insights into the early molecular responses of fish to environmental stressors. Traditional methods often fail to capture the complexity of multiple simultaneous stressors, but transcriptomics allows for the detection of specific gene expression changes before they manifest in overt physiological or ecological effects. This approach is particularly valuable in understanding how fish maintain homeostasis, compensate for environmental challenges, and potentially recover from stress, offering a detailed view of species' responses to urban-induced environmental changes. The thesis is organized into three chapters, each addressing different aspects of how freshwater fish respond to multiple anthropogenic stressors. The first chapter examines the impact of varying chloride concentrations on gene expression related to osmoregulation in Gasterosteus aculeatus. The second chapter explores tissue-specific molecular responses to extreme salinity in invasive hybrid minnows, providing insights into their physiological resilience and potential invasiveness. The third chapter investigates the combined effects of multiple stressors, including temperature and dissolved oxygen variations, on gene expression in Cottus rhenanus. The findings consistently highlight salinity as a critical factor influencing fish health, even when other stressors are present. This research underscores the ecological threat posed by freshwater salinization and the importance of incorporating transcriptomic data into conservation strategies. The thesis contributes to a growing understanding of how urbanization and environmental change impact freshwater ecosystems and provides valuable molecular biomarkers for assessing the health of fish populations in increasingly urbanized environments. Future research directions include integrating transcriptomics with epigenetics to provide a more comprehensive understanding of how multiple stressors shape physiological responses and adaptability in organisms. This integrative approach can enhance conservation efforts by offering early indicators of stress and informing strategies to protect freshwater biodiversity in the face of global human-driven change.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-750694 | ||||||||||||||||
Date: | 2025 | ||||||||||||||||
Place of Publication: | Cologne, Germany | ||||||||||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Biology > Zoologisches Institut | ||||||||||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 25 October 2024 | ||||||||||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/75069 |
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