Becker, Michael (2015). Defects in strongly correlated and spin-orbit entangled quantum matter. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
The inherent complexity of interacting quantum many-body systems poses an outstanding challenge to both theory and experiment. Especially in the presence of strong electronic correlations, highly interesting and perplexing physical phenomena can occur. In this thesis, we focus on three different examples of strongly correlated electron systems in which different types of defects occur. First, we investigate the Heisenberg-Kitaev model formulated on a triangular lattice. Using a mixture of numerical and analytical techniques we map out the entire phase diagram for the classical and quantum models. We provide an analytical foundation to the intriguing Z2-vortex ground state, in which strong spin-orbit coupling leads to the formation of a lattice of topological point defects. This state was observed previously in classical Monte Carlo simulations. We furthermore propose the iridate Ba3IrTi2O9 to be a prime candidate for the realization of such a state. The second part deals with the physics of a defect in the form of a localized magnetic moment which is embedded into a metallic environment: the Kondo effect. Although this effect has been a cornerstone of condensed matter physics for more than 50 years, its properties in real-space are still not fully understood. What is the Kondo screening cloud---the extended many-body state of entangled conduction electrons? We present numerical results in 1D and 2D for the charge density oscillations created by the impurity. We find that the entire RG flow of the problem is recovered in these oscillations, elucidating the internal structure of the screening cloud. Finally, we investigate the competition between the Kondo effect and Majorana physics. Majorana bound states are highly interesting objects which exhibit unusual statistics and could be used as a building block of a topological quantum computer. Recently, signatures of their existence were observed in experiment, and we here examine how Kondo physics (which might play a role in real systems) interact with such Majorana bound states.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-58986 | ||||||||
Date: | 5 January 2015 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute for Theoretical Physics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Data processing Computer science Natural sciences and mathematics Physics |
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Date of oral exam: | 26 November 2014 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/5898 |
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