Angelidaki, Danai Dimitra (2023). Deciphering the molecular mechanisms of amino acid sensing by mTOR. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
The mechanistic target of Rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine-threonine kinase and the master regulator of cell growth and metabolism. The mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) integrates nutrient availability signals to promote anabolic and inhibit catabolic processes in the cell by phosphorylating multiple substrates. Dysregulation of the mTORC1 pathway is involved in ageing and disease. mTORC1 is recruited to the lysosomal surface by the Rag GTPases upon re-stimulation with amino acids after starvation, where it is activated by the small GTPase Rheb. Although the lysosome-centric model of mTORC1 activation is well-described, growing evidence suggests that amino acids do not activate mTORC1 only on the lysosomes. With this work, I sought to expand the model of mTORC1 activation, by showing that mTORC1 can be activated by amino acids towards specific substrates in a lysosome- and Rag-independent manner. Moreover, I sought to examine mTORC1 activity in unchallenged cells and explain its lysosomal localization when nutrients are abundant. The findings of this work shed light on a largely unexplored part of mTORC1 regulation and lead to a better understanding of the mechanism behind mTORC1 activation by amino acids.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-714934 | ||||||||
Date: | 2 November 2023 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Außeruniversitäre Forschungseinrichtungen > MPI for Biology of Ageing | ||||||||
Subjects: | Life sciences | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 26 April 2023 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/71493 |
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