Matthies, Anne ORCID: 0000-0003-1155-1281 (2023). Non-equilibrium dynamics and quantum computing - From Floquet topological qubits to quantum state preparation. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
PDF (Ph.D. thesis)
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Abstract
Quantum computing and non-equilibrium dynamics are two very rapidly developing and entangled fields. With the constant application of gates and measurements, quantum computers are always out of equilibrium. Furthermore, the current noisy quantum chips are prone to errors and dissipation, and are effectively described as an open system. At the same time, the simulation of the long-time dynamics of quantum systems is one of the most promising applications of a quantum computer. This thesis spans a range of topics, from qubit design to quantum algorithms. The key feature of our proposed qubit is imprinted by non-equilibrium dynamics. Namely, we address how to enhance the basic building block of a Majorana-based quantum computer by periodic driving. The so-called Floquet Majorana box qubits can host not only Majorana zero modes with quasi-energy zero but also Floquet Majoranas with an energy corresponding to half of is the driving frequency. This allows us to encode three topological logical qubits in one box. However, a standard adiabatic state preparation protocol fails, and we argue that this instability is a generic and fundamental feature of a Floquet superconductor. Instead, we show that it can be successfully operated using a frequency-sweep protocol, even in the presence of interactions. On the topic of quantum algorithms, we propose a scalable and robust protocol that prepares low-energy states of arbitrary gapped Hamiltonians, without prior knowledge about the target state. By using a fraction of the qubits to mimic a low-entropy bath, the protocol effectively cools the system to its low-energy state. The cyclic operation of the protocol is a key advantage since it leads to a robust "coolability" in the presence of noise. We investigate the performance of the protocol for systems with trivial and topological excitations. Because topological excitations are notoriously difficult to remove, the coolability can help to detect topological order. Finally, we discuss how this cooling protocol can be implemented on a gate-based quantum computer. While we experimentally tested the protocol on only very few qubits, the promising results suggest that the cooling protocol will be valuable for the preparation of more complex many-body states on future quantum computers.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-732532 | ||||||||
Date: | 2023 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute for Theoretical Physics | ||||||||
Subjects: | Physics | ||||||||
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Date of oral exam: | 16 June 2023 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/73253 |
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