Sabha, Nadeen Bassam Izzat (2015). Near and mid-infrared observations of the galactic center: on the nature of diffuse emission and faint compact sources. PhD thesis, Universität zu Köln.
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Abstract
The center of our Galaxy is made up of stars, stellar remnants, dust, molecular and ionized gas, with a supermassive black hole at its heart. This black hole is surrounded by a small cluster of high velocity stars, known as the S-stars. One aim of this thesis is to constrain the amount and nature of the stellar and dark mass associated with this cluster in the immediate vicinity of the black hole. I use near-infrared imaging to determine the Ks-band luminosity function of the S-star cluster members, and the distribution of the diffuse background emission and the stellar number density counts around the central black hole. This allows one to determine the stellar light and mass contribution expected from the faint members of the cluster. I then use post-Newtonian N-body techniques to investigate the effect of stellar perturbations on the motion of S2, as a means of detecting the number and masses of the perturbers. I find that the stellar mass derived from the Ks-band luminosity extrapolation is much smaller than the amount of mass that might be present considering the uncertainties in the orbital motion of the star S2. Also the amount of light from the fainter S-cluster members is below the amount of residual light at the position of the S-star cluster after removing the bright cluster members. If the distribution of stars and stellar remnants is peaked near the supermassive black hole, observed changes in the orbital elements of S2 can be used to constrain both their masses and numbers. Based on simulations of the cluster of high velocity stars, I find that at a wavelength of 2.2 micron, close to the confusion level for 8 m class telescopes, blend stars will occur. These line-of-sight clusterings will last for typically three years before they dissolve due to proper motions. I also present the analysis of mid-infrared VISIR observations. Their field of views are centered on the major Galactic Center targets that we plan to observe with the MIRI instrument aboard the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The value of these new observations lies in the fact that they are the first and only data that cover a large field of view of the region with spatial resolutions better than Spitzer survey data. The spectral indices of the compact sources detected in our multi-band observations will aid in the identification of massive young stellar objects, and will allow the tracing of their spatial distribution and concentration. When combined with the current multi-wavelength surveys and future MIRI observations it will enable us to trace and draw a better picture of the past 8 Myr of cluster based star formation in the Galactic Center. Furthermore, I report a curious convex-like mid-infrared feature at a distance of 0.68 pc (17") from the position of the supermassive black hole. This feature resembles a stellar bow shock with a symmetry axis pointing toward the Center. I discuss the possible nature of this feature and the implications of its alignment with other dusty comet-like objects previously found inside the central parsec. All of these objects are remarkably aligned perpendicular to the plane of young mass-losing stars very close to the central SMBH. The lack of a larger number of similar objects in the field can be explained either by the short life span of massive stars and/or the intermittent nature of the responsible mechanism.
Item Type: | Thesis (PhD thesis) | ||||||||
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URN: | urn:nbn:de:hbz:38-60669 | ||||||||
Date: | 31 March 2015 | ||||||||
Language: | English | ||||||||
Faculty: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences | ||||||||
Divisions: | Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences > Department of Physics > Institute of Physics I | ||||||||
Subjects: | Natural sciences and mathematics Physics |
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Date of oral exam: | 5 December 2014 | ||||||||
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Refereed: | Yes | ||||||||
URI: | http://kups.ub.uni-koeln.de/id/eprint/6066 |
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